Vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) refers to a specialized laser diode that is envisaged to transform fiber optic communications in terms of improved efficiency and increased data speed.

VCSELs offer several advantages over older edge-emitting diodes. This includes their low manufacturing cost, easier testing, and higher efficiency. In addition, VCSELs require low electrical current to generate a desired coherent energy output. VCSELs emit a narrow nearly circular beam than what traditional edge-emitting diodes deliver, which makes it easier to transfer energy from a device to an optical fiber.

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