The urgent mandates issued to cities in areas such as climate change and rapid urbanisation are frequently discussed under the rubric of “smart cities” but just what constitutes a smart city is elusive. A successful smart strategy should take a holistic approach encompassing people, institutions, structures and operations across the connected ecosystem that makes up the city or community.
The explosion in demand for high-resolution video streaming has also impacted the needs of campus networks. Intelligent applications, such as facial recognition systems, are emerging on campuses, adding to the already-high video traffic of video conferencing, media streaming, and VR devices. In addition, the Internet of Things (IoT) is leading to increasing deployments of service robots, intelligent access control, voice devices, and data sensing devices in campuses. While IoT is of significant value to campus networks, it makes the network structure more complex adding even more burden to copper wired networks.
The tools for AI for architecture are just around the corner and will enable us to deliver spaces that perform better and are enjoyable to use. The effects of space on the behavior of occupants is now directly quantifiable, analyzable, and modelable. Crowd simulation software, which has historically been employed to evaluate emergency egress patterns in buildings, can simulate the behavior of crowds of dozens or even thousands of people in a given environment.
WDM is an abbreviation for Wavelength-Division Multiplexing, and is now one of the most widely used technology for high-capacity optical communication systems. At the transmitter side, multiple optical transmitters – each emitting at a different wavelength – individually send signals and these signals are multiplexed by a wavelength multiplexer (MUX). The multiplexed signals are then transmitted over one main transmission line (optical fiber cable). At the receiver side, the signals are de-multiplexed by a wavelength de-multiplexer (DEMUX) and sent to multiple receivers.
Fiber optic technology is continuing its push into high-end military systems as engineers increasingly choose it to meet accelerating speed demands. This marks a change from its traditional role as a technology for long-distance communications. Board and system suppliers are responding to this demand with a variety of optical products for backplanes and short-distance applications.
Learn why fiber cleanliness is critical to the latest 100G and 400G networks in Fluke’s March 31 webinar. Topics covered include requirements of 200 and 400 GbE, the impact of fiber contamination, a live demo of proper fiber cleaning, and troubleshooting performance problems with an OTDR.
Corning’s FREEDM™ B2 Gel-free Loose Tube Steel Armour Double Jacket Indoor/Outdoor cable family, was developed to provide the backbone for optical cabling infrastructure in railway tunnels. The cable complies with revised, stricter EU guidelines for low flammability, low fire spread, low toxicity and low smoke density.
TIA has released a series of new informational briefing papers from its Edge Data Center Working Group. The papers are a first step towards creating an industry-driven framework for future standards development. Each paper outlines a different focus area for new Edge Data Center implementations including site selection and survivability, to security, thermal management, and operations and maintenance.
The introduction of ever higher speeds makes it clear that the use of parallelization technologies is becoming increasingly important. This is due to the fact that the serial “lane speed” in multimode receivers is currently max. 50 Gigabit/s, but at the same time 100, 200 or 400 Gigabit/s are required.
Conventional optical fibers contain a glass core at the center of the fiber through which light is transmitted.However, not only does this glass center limit the speed of the light as it passes through, but it also adversely affects other aspects of propagation, limiting its performance. Hollow-core fibers replace the glass core with air or a vacuum, and replace the cladding with photonic crystals. Hollow-core fibers have lower signal loss and 30% higher speed of light than glass or plastic fibers.
